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铜雕的历史和工艺

人类最早使用铸造金属的记载已经模糊不清了,但我们可以这样推测:早期的狩猎者们围坐在火边,一块铜块落进了煤炭里,铜块熔化并流淌,像一股闪光的小溪流,一旦冷却,这个闪光的重物体就变得很硬,形成了新的形状。很可能早期人们看到这种现象反复发生,然后他们寻找、收集铜块,把它们扔到火里,看那些闪光的溪流慢慢流出。一些人想象并在沙地上面出一个形状,让金属流进去,也许就变成了一个矛尖。从那以后,金属铸造经历了几十个世纪直到今天。

First use of cast metal records have been blurred, but we can speculate that early hunters sitting around a fire, a piece of copper pieces fall into the coal, copper melt and flow, like a flash of small streams, once cooled, the flash of heavy objects becomes very hard, to form the new shape. Early people probably see this phenomenon occurs repeatedly, then they are looking for, collecting copper pieces, put them into the fire, to watch the flash slowly flowing streams. And some people think above the sand out of a shape, let the metal flow in, perhaps becomes a spear. Since then, the metal casting has experienced dozens of century until today.

 

中国历史上重要的铜雕艺术品有西周的“伯矩鬲”,晚商的“司母戊鼎”以及汉代的“马踏飞燕”。

Important in the history of Chinese bronze sculptures art has a "moment of" by "of the western zhou dynasty, the late shang" si muwu ding "as well as the han dynasty" swallow ".

 

铜雕文化博大精深,源远流长,几乎贯穿整个人类文明史。传世和近年发现的大量青铜器表明,我国在公元前两千多年原始社会解体时期就进入了青铜时代。

Bronze sculptures and profound culture, has a long history, almost throughout the whole human civilization. Handed down from ancient times and discovered in recent years a large number of bronze ware indicates that our country in two thousand years BC disintegration of primitive society period into the Bronze Age.

 

铜雕的制作一般都要经过金属冶炼、锻造、雕刻、镀金、磨光、上红等几个重要的工序。工序比较复杂,工艺也十分考究。

Bronze series production is generally go through metal smelting, forging, engraving, plating, polishing, such as the red several important processes. The process is complicated, the craft is very fastidious.

 

铜雕的铸造方法主要有两种,即失蜡法和模具法。现代新出现的由朱炳仁创造的熔铜法,掌握的人群比较少。失蜡法:用蜡制成模,外敷造型材料,成为整体铸型。模具法:运用广泛,大型铜雕一般都要经过分件浇铸,然后衔接成一个整体。熔铜法:运用无模可控熔铸工艺,“无模”使铜液自然流畅而解形;“可控”使铜液在艺术家掌控中熔意。

Tripod for foundry method basically has two kinds, namely lost wax method and mold method. Modern new created by zhu molten copper method, master the less people. Lost wax method: made from wax mold, topical molding materials, be cast as a whole. Mould method: use is widespread, large bronze sculptures is typically through a casting, and then to connect into a whole. No mould molten copper method: using controlled smelting process, "no mold" natural smooth and the copper liquid solution form; "Controlled" in artist control the copper liquid melt.

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