山西太原电动门优质厂

商代早期青铜器纹饰主体已是兽面纹，以粗犷的勾曲回旋的线条构成，全是变形纹样，除兽目圆大，以为象征外，其余条纹并不具体表现物象的各个部位，纹饰多平雕，个别主纹出现了浮雕，二里冈上层尊、罍等器肩上已有高浮雕的牺首装饰。所有的兽面纹或其它动物纹都不以雷纹为地，是这一时期的特色。商代早期的几何纹极其简单，有一些粗率的雷纹，也有单列或多列的连珠纹，乳钉纹也已经出现。 商代早期的青铜器，极少有铭文，以前认为个别上的龟形是文字，实际上仍是纹饰而不是文字。商代早期青铜器的合金成分经测定:含铜量在67.01～91.99%之间，含锡量在3.48～13.64%之间，含铅量在 0.1～24.76%之间，成分不甚稳定。但含铅量较高，使铜液保持良好的流动性能，与商代早期青铜器器壁很薄的工艺要求是相适合的。

The early Shang Dynasty bronze body is formed by the wild animal mask, hook song cyclotron lines, all deformation patterns, except the beast head round, that symbol, all parts of the rest does not represent objects specific stripe ornamentation, flat carving, individual main lines appeared two relief, Rigon upper Zun, jar etc. is already on the shoulder high relief. The first decoration. All animal faces or other animal lines are not thunder lines, this period is the characteristic. The early Shang Dynasty the geometric pattern is extremely simple, there are some rough leiwen, there are single or multiple columns of the alignment lines, milk nail lines have already appeared. Early Shang Dynasty bronzes, rarely inscribed on the inscription, previously thought that the individual tortoise form is written, in fact, is still a pattern rather than a word. The alloy composition of bronze ware in early Shang Dynasty was determined: the copper content is between 67.01 and 91.99%, the tin content is between 3.48 and 13.64%, and the lead content is between 0.1 and 24.76%, and the composition is not very stable. However, the high content of lead makes the liquid keep good flow performance, which is suitable for the process requirements of the early Shang Dynasty bronzes.

商代中期：这一时期接近早期的器形有爵、觚、斝等。爵尾虽然与早期相似，但流已放宽，出现的圆体爵是放所未见的。斝在空椎状足之外，出现了丁字形足，底多向下臌出，平底已较少见。

The middle Shang period: this period is close to the shape of the early jazz, Gu Jia, etc.. Although early Jue tail is similar, but the flow has been relaxed, there is no prince put round. 斝在空椎状足之外，出现了丁字形足，底多向下臌出，平底已较少见。

商代晚期前段：本期新出现的器类有方彝、觯、觥等。方形器大为发展，几乎所有的酒器都为方形。

The late Shang Dynasty ago: the emergence of new type Fang Yi, Zhi Gong, etc.. The development of the square, almost all of the wine are square.

商代晚期后段：器类方面，无肩尊和扁体卣是新出的典型器，始见马衔等车马器。多沿用商代晚期前端的器类。

After the period of the late Shang Dynasty: class, without shoulder respect and flat is typical for going out, only to see Maxianshan and etc.. More use of the advanced front end of the Shang Dynasty.