| 铸造的铜大缸工艺 |
| 添加时间：2019/1/22 16:19:56 浏览次数： |
| 在紫禁城皇宫中设置铜缸，最初的意图就是用来防火的。这些大缸平时贮满清水，宫中一旦失火，即可就近取水灭火。因此，大缸又被称作“吉祥缸”、“太平缸”和“门海”。取门前之大海的意思，祈望门前的“大海”以水克火，宫里不再发生火灾。故宫的“门海”为六种：鎏金的大缸，称为“金海”，未鎏金的称为“大铜海”，以钢铁铸的缸，称为“大铁海”。其余的则根据缸的容积，称为“中铜海”、“小铜海”等等。按质量可分为铜鎏金吉祥缸、“烧古”青铜缸和铁铸大缸。一类为铜鎏金吉祥缸，是比较贵重的，这种缸明代数量较少，到了清代多了起来。在故宫内被俗称“金銮殿”的太和殿门前，就陈列着这种鎏金大缸，每尊高1.2米，直径1.63米。大缸的两侧饰有兽面纹铺首环耳。第二类为“烧古”青铜缸，全部为清代制造，铜大缸，其外表油光锃亮，非常雅致，在景运门和隆宗门前各有一对这样的大缸。第三类为明代制造的铁铸大缸，古朴素雅。 In the Forbidden City Palace, the original intention was to set up copper cylinders for fire protection. These large vats are usually filled with fresh water. Once a fire breaks out in the palace, they can draw water nearby to extinguish the fire. Therefore, the big cylinder is also called "auspicious cylinder", "Taiping cylinder" and "Menhai". The meaning of taking the sea in front of the door is to pray that the "sea" in front of the door will stop the fire with water and there will be no more fires in the palace. There are six kinds of "Menhai" in the Palace Museum: the large jar of gold, called "Jinhai", the large copper sea without gold, and the cylinder cast with iron and steel, called "Datiehai". The others are called "Zhongtonghai", "Xiaotonghai" and so on, according to the volume of the cylinder. According to the quality, it can be divided into auspicious copper cylinder, ancient bronze cylinder and iron casting cylinder. The first kind of auspicious cylinder is copper gold, which is more valuable. This kind of cylinder has fewer number of Ming Dynasty, and it became more in Qing Dynasty. In front of the gate of the Taihe Hall, commonly known as the "Golden Ruan Hall", this kind of large gold VAT is displayed, each of which is 1.2 meters high and 1.63 meters in diameter. The two sides of the vat are decorated with animal face patterns and covered with head rings and ears. The second type is "burning ancient" bronze cylinders, all made in the Qing Dynasty, copper cylinders, its appearance shiny, very elegant, in front of Jingyunmen and Longzongmen have a pair of such cylinders. The third type is the iron casting cylinder made in Ming Dynasty, which is simple and elegant. |
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